{"id":620,"date":"2024-04-30T15:31:00","date_gmt":"2024-04-30T15:31:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/idarriba.com\/?p=620"},"modified":"2025-05-04T15:48:17","modified_gmt":"2025-05-04T15:48:17","slug":"difference-between-trademarks-and-geographical-indications-in-spain","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/idarriba.com\/es\/difference-between-trademarks-and-geographical-indications-in-spain\/","title":{"rendered":"Diferencia entre marcas e indicaciones geogr\u00e1ficas en Espa\u00f1a"},"content":{"rendered":"

En el \u00e1mbito de la propiedad industrial en Espa\u00f1a, las marcas y las indicaciones geogr\u00e1ficas (IG) son dos figuras jur\u00eddicas distintas que protegen activos intangibles relacionados con productos y servicios, pero lo hacen desde enfoques y con requisitos diferentes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

\u00bfQu\u00e9 es una marca?
<\/strong>A trademark <\/strong>is a distinctive sign that identifies products or services in the marketplace and distinguishes them from those of other competitors. It may consist of words, logos, shapes, sounds, or even colors, as long as they have distinctive character<\/strong>. The holder of a registered trademark obtains the exclusive right to use it in connection with the goods or services for which it was granted.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In Spain, trademarks are registered through the Spanish Patent and Trademark Office (OEPM)<\/strong>, and applications can be filed at the national level, at the EU level (via the European Union Intellectual Property Office \u2013 EUIPO<\/strong>), or internationally (under the Madrid System<\/strong>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Son reguladas por la Ley 17\/2001, de 7 de diciembre, de Marcas, y el Reglamento (UE) 2017\/1001 del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo, de 14 de junio de 2017, sobre la marca de la Uni\u00f3n Europea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00bfQu\u00e9 es una indicaci\u00f3n geogr\u00e1fica?<\/strong>
A geographical indication (GI)<\/strong>, on the other hand, protects the name of a product whose quality, reputation, or other characteristics are directly linked to its geographical origin. There are two main types: Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) <\/strong>y Protected Geographical Indication (PGI)<\/strong>, both regulated by EU agri-food legislation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A diferencia de las marcas, las IG no pertenecen a una sola persona o empresa, sino que son gestionadas colectivamente por asociaciones o consejos reguladores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Principales diferencias<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. Ownership<\/strong>: Trademarks are individual or corporate rights, while GIs are collective rights.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Purpose<\/strong>: Trademarks distinguish products or services by their business origin. A GI distinguishes them by their geographical origin and territory-linked quality.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. Scope of Use<\/strong>: A trademark can be freely used by its owner throughout the registered territory. A GI can only be used if strict geographical and production requirements are met.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. Registro<\/strong>: Trademarks are registered with the OEPM, while agri-food GIs are approved by agri-food authorities at both regional and national levels, and recognized by the European Commission.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    Son reguladas por el Reglamento (UE) 1151\/2012 del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo, de 21 de noviembre de 2012, sobre los reg\u00edmenes de calidad de los productos agr\u00edcolas y alimenticios, Reglamento (UE) 1308\/2013 del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo, sobre la organizaci\u00f3n com\u00fan de mercados de productos agrarios (OCM), y la Ley 6\/2015, de 12 de mayo, de Denominaciones de Origen e Indicaciones Geogr\u00e1ficas Protegidas de \u00e1mbito territorial supraauton\u00f3mico (Espa\u00f1a), entre otras normas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Conclusi\u00f3n<\/strong>
    Ambas figuras protegen activos valiosos y complementarios. Mientras la marca potencia la diferenciaci\u00f3n empresarial, la indicaci\u00f3n geogr\u00e1fica protege el patrimonio cultural y productivo asociado a un territorio. Conocer sus diferencias permite a productores y emprendedores elegir la herramienta jur\u00eddica m\u00e1s adecuada para proteger y valorizar sus productos en el mercado nacional e internacional.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    En el \u00e1mbito de la propiedad industrial en Espa\u00f1a, las marcas y las indicaciones geogr\u00e1ficas (IG) son dos figuras jur\u00eddicas distintas que protegen activos intangibles relacionados con productos y servicios, pero lo hacen desde enfoques y con requisitos diferentes.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":622,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-620","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ip"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/idarriba.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/620","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/idarriba.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/idarriba.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idarriba.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idarriba.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=620"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/idarriba.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/620\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":626,"href":"https:\/\/idarriba.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/620\/revisions\/626"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idarriba.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/622"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/idarriba.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=620"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idarriba.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=620"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idarriba.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=620"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}